Official U.S. Army guidance addressing heat stress and heat casualty management.

Fluid and Electrolyte Supplementation for Exercise Heat Stress

Water and Solute Absorption from Carbohydrate-Electrolyte Solutions

Defense Health Agency / military guidance on fluid replacement, work-rest cycles, and heat injury prevention.

Intestinal Absorption in Health and Disease—Sugars

Betaine Supplementation May Improve Heat Tolerance: Potential Mechanisms in Humans

Taurine Supplementation and Human Heat Tolerance: Mechanisms, Evidence, and Integration with Heat Acclimation, Cooling, and Hydration

Nutritional Requirements for Sustaining Health and Performance During Exposure to Extreme Environments

Defense Health Agency — Fluid Replacement & Work-Rest Guidelines to Prevent Heat Illness (PDF)

MILITARY REDINESS

FM 7-22 — Holistic Health and Fitness (H2F)

Basic Hydration Strategies — Human Performance Resources by CHAMP

Leader’s Guide to Soldier Health and Fitness (PDF)

HYDRATION SCIENCE

Nutritional Needs in Cold and High-Altitude Environments 

ACSM Position Stand — Exercise and Fluid Replacement

NATA Position Statement — Fluid Replacement for the Physically Active (PDF)

NATA Position Statement — Exertional Heat Illnesses

PERFORMANCE NUTRITION

International Society of Sports Nutrition — Nutrient Timing

WORKPLACE HYDRATION

NIOSH — Criteria for a Recommended Standard: Occupational Exposure to Heat and Hot Environments